Dyeing
is one of the most complicated branches of textile engineering. Numerous types
of terms and definitions are frequently used in every operation of dyeing floor
by dyeing engineers and technologists. If production related anybody don’t know
specific terms of dyeing then whole process may break down. So there is no way
to alternative knowing of dyeing terms and definitions. Besides, job interviews
and various competitive examinations for textile engineers have to frequently
ask different dyeing terms. In this article, I have given most essential 10
dyeing terms and glossary for my readers. I think you will enjoy it.
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| Fig: Dyeing operation |
1. Shade%:
Shade% means the depth of color. It is expressed as percentage (of dye amount in unit weight of fabric). Expressed as 1% owf (on the weight of fabric), 2%, 5% etc.
Scale of shade%:
Shade% means the depth of color. It is expressed as percentage (of dye amount in unit weight of fabric). Expressed as 1% owf (on the weight of fabric), 2%, 5% etc.
Scale of shade%:
·
Light shade = up to 0.5% owf
·
Medium shade = 0.6 – 1.5% owf
·
Dark/Deep shade = 1.6% and above.
2. Substantivity:
·
Natural attraction between dyes and
fibres is termed as substantivity.
·
Color strike is the result of
substantivity.
·
This influence the dye transfer from
dye bath to textile materials without any chemical and auxiliaries.
3. Affinity:
·
Forced/Artificial attraction between
dyes and fibers.
·
Dyeing is performed for this
affinity of dyes and fibers.
·
It varies with the degree of
catalysts.
4. Color strike:
·
Initial absorption of dyes due to
substantivity is called the color strike.
·
At the starting of dyeing, the rate
of transfer of dye from the dye solution to the textile materials is more than
any other time.
·
After 30 seconds, 50% dyeing is
completed.
5. Exhaustion:
·
Total amount of dyes absorbed by the
fiber in a dye bath after the adsorption, sorption and desorption is completed.
·
It is expressed as E%.
6. Fixation:
·
Total amount of dyes finally fixed
(after washing) with the
fibers in a dyeing process. It is expressed by F%
·
F% = E% - (washing + soaping + other)
loss.
7. Adsorption:
Dye molecule when in contract with fiber.
8. Sorption:
It is the state when dye molecules entered into the fiber.
9. Desorption:
In this state dye molecules come out from the fiber.
10. Anchoring forces:
The force by which dye molecules are fixed in fibers.
Dye molecule when in contract with fiber.
8. Sorption:
It is the state when dye molecules entered into the fiber.
9. Desorption:
In this state dye molecules come out from the fiber.
10. Anchoring forces:
The force by which dye molecules are fixed in fibers.
