Dyeing in textile is the process of coloration to
textile materials like fibers, yarns, and fabrics. In this process different
types of dyes and chemicals are used to produce different shades at different types of fabric. This process
can be done by hand or by machine. Various types of dyeing recipe are used for
different types of fiber. In this article I have given 6 typical recipes for
different dyes and fibers.
Some Important Typical Dyeing Recipe:
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Fig: Textile dyeing |
1.
Typical recipe for dyeing of cotton by direct dye:
·
Direct
dye -----------------------------------------X%
·
Salt
(NaCl) ----------------------------------------5.0-20.0 g/L
·
Soda
ash (Na2CO3) ----------------------------1.0-5.0
g/L
·
Wetting
agent -----------------------------------1.0-2.0 g/L
·
Sequestering
agent ----------------------------1.0-2.0 g/L
·
Leveling
agent -----------------------------------0.5-1.0 g/L
·
M:L
-------------------------------------------------1:5 – 1:10
·
pH
--------------------------------------------------- neutral to slight alkaline
·
Temperature
------------------------------------90-1000C
·
Time
----------------------------------------------- 50-60 min
2.
Dyeing of cotton with vat dye typical recipe for vatting:
·
Vat
dyes ------------------------------------------- X g/L
·
Wetting
agent ----------------------------------- 0.5-1 g/L
·
Sequestering agent
---------------------------- 1.0-2.0 g/L
·
Dispersing
agent -------------------------------- Y g/L
·
Caustic
soda (66-700Tw) ---------------------15-30
g/L
·
Hydroze
-------------------------------------------- 10-20 g/L
Recipe for Oxidation:
·
Hydrogen
peroxide -----------------------------0.2-1.0 g/L
·
Temperature
------------------------------------- 25-600C
3.
Typical recipe for dyeing of wool:
·
Acid
dye ---------------------------------------------- X%
·
Wetting
agent ----------------------------------------0.5-1.0 g/L
·
Leveling
agent --------------------------------------1.0-3.0 g/L
·
Glauber
salt -----------------------------------------10-20 g/L
·
Acetic/sulphuric
acid ------------------------------1-4 g/L
·
Temperature
----------------------------------------90-1000C
·
Time
-------------------------------------------------30-50 minutes
·
M:L
------------------------------------------------- 1:10
4.
Typical dyeing recipe with DCT (cold brand) reactive dyes:
·
Reactive
dye (cold brand) owf -------------------1.5 – 2%
·
Wetting
agent ---------------------------------------1 g/L
·
Sequestering
agent ---------------------------------1 g/L
·
Leveling
agent --------------------------------------1 g/L
·
Anti-creasing
agent --------------------------------1 g/L
·
Common
salt (NaCl) ------------------------------40 g/L
·
Soda
ash (Na2CO3) (pH-11.5) -------------------12 g/L
·
M:L
ratio --------------------------------------------1:20
·
Time
-------------------------------------------------1 hour
·
Temperature
----------------------------------------600C
5.
Typical recipe for dyeing of polyester:
·
Disperse
dyes -------------------------------------X%
·
Dispersing agent
---------------------------------0.5-1.0 g/L
·
Leveling
agent -----------------------------------1.0-2.0 g/L
·
Sequestering
agent ------------------------------1.0-2.0 g/L
·
Acetic
acid (50%) ------------------------------0.5-2 g/L
·
Carrier
-------------------------------------------2-5%
·
Temperature
------------------------------------90-1000C
·
Time
---------------------------------------------50-120 minutes
·
M:L
---------------------------------------------1:10
6.
Typical recipe for dyeing jute fabric:
·
Basic
dyes -------------------------------------X%
·
Glacial
acetic acid ---------------------------1.0-3.0 g/L
·
Glauber
salt -----------------------------------10-20 g/L
·
Wetting
agent ---------------------------------0.5-1.0 g/L
·
Sequestering
agent --------------------------1.0-2.0 g/L
·
Temperature
---------------------------------80-900C
·
Time
------------------------------------------30-50 minutes
·
M:L
-------------------------------------------1:10